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Ancient England, covering the time period of 3.4 million years and ending around 1000 BCE, was inhabited by hunter-gatherers who eventually became the country`s first-ever farmers. During the Neolithic Revolution which began in England around 3500 BCE, hunter-gatherers from Europe revolutionized daily life with the ideas they brought from the continent. They left monuments that attract millions of tourists each year, ranging from ceremonial hills to megaliths to stone circles to chambered tombs. Below is a sampling of 16 of England`s top prehistoric monuments.
North West England is the second-largest urban area in England, which includes Manchester, the UK`s third-largest city; Liverpool, on the River Mersey, known for its seafaring traditions and The Beatles; Blackpool, one of the most popular seaside resorts in England; and Chester, perhaps the best-preserved walled city in Britain.
Beautiful North East England consists of such cities such as Durham, which boasts a 1,000-year-old old town; Newcastle-upon-Tyne, developed around an old Roman settlement and once one of the most important shipbuilding centers in the world; and Sunderland, which grew around the 7th-century Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Abbey.
Yorkshire is the quintessential Northern English travel destination. Yorkshire is known for its scenic landscapes, especially at the North York Moors, the Peak District National Park, and the Yorkshire Dales National Park. It is also known for its bustling cities such as York, Sheffield, Leeds, and Bradford.
The English Midlands are often overlooked but are alluring to travelers. The region is full of history; many cities were founded over two millennia ago, and are some of the oldest cities in England. The Midlands was the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, helping to cement the British Empire`s global influence.
The history of East Anglia (Norfolk, Suffolk, and Cambridgeshire) is vivid and rich; the oldest structures still standing in England, dating from the Bronze Age, are located in East Anglia. A number of large, ornate former monasteries-turned-cathedrals dot Cambridgeshire, from Peterborough to Fenland and the Isle of Ely.
South East England is a large and geographically diverse region, much of which sits in the Thames River Valley, and here you can experience such sights as the New Forest, the Chiltern Hills, and the White Cliffs of Dover, in addition to Blenheim Palace, Windsor Castle, Canterbury Cathedral, and the list goes on.
South West England is filled with exciting sights such as Stonehenge, the world-famous prehistoric stone circle; the Roman-era hot springs of Bath; the coasts of Dorset and east Devon; and the tin mines that dot the coasts of Devon and Cornwall. All of these popular attractions are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Much of the modern-day country of England was conquered by the Romans in 43 CE, and the Roman occupation of England continued until 410 CE, making Britannia the Empire`s northwesternmost province. With the occupation, the Romans revolutionized industry, agriculture, and architecture in England.
Medieval England (600s-late 1400s CE) saw attacks from the Vikings, the Normans` invasion in 1066, and the Black Death. Even with the struggle and strife present during the Middle Ages, this era ushered in new achievements in technology, warfare, religion, arts, and architecture.
The British royal family is revered and admired throughout the world, and the stately homes and other sites associated with the royals attract millions of tourists to England each year. The majority of sites are located in London but others are further afield, such as beautiful Sandringham House.
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